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https://youtu.be/bm6-vrfdAkA FOOTINGS ARE PART OF FOUNDATION  . IT HOLD COLUMN ON IT . THE CONCERTRATED LOAD COMMING ON THE COLUMNS ARE TRANSFERRED TO THE FOOTINGS WHICH FINALLY SPREAD LOADS TO GREATER EXTENDED AREA BELOW FOOTING TO GROUND. BEFORE PLACING FOOTINGS SOME PRECAUTIONS:- https://youtu.be/bm6-vrfdAkA The Popular 5 Types of Footings 1.THE FOUNDATION EARTH WORK  BEFORE  PLACING FOOTINGS SHOULD EXAMINE  . THE DRAWINGS SHALL BE STUDIED AND MISSING DIMENSIONS SHALL BE OBTAINED. 2. DEPTH  OF FOOTINGS ,SIZE OF FOOTING TO BE AS PER DRAWING .ABOUT 150 TO 200 MM CLEARANCE SHALL BE LEFT AROUND BASE OF FOOTINGS TO FACILIATE WORKING. 3.THE BASE OF SOIL TO BE RAMMED PROPERLY TO GET LEVEL SURFACE WITH SPREADING MOORUM MIXED WITH SAND. 4.150MM P.C.C.WITH 1:4;8 SHALE BE LAID BELOW BASE OF FOOTINGS. 5.EXTRA DEPTH AROUND FOOTINGS BASE SHALL BE FILLED WITH SAND AND COMPACTED PROPERLY. 6.PLACE THE BASE REINFORCEMENTS JALI WITH 40 MM COVER . 7.THE VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT OF COLUMN TO B

How to Find the Effective depth  of RCC Rectangular Beam??   Effective depth of the beam and slab is the distance between extreme compressive concrete fibre to the centroid of tension reinforcement in section under flexural condition. And in another words it is described as distance from the centroid of tension Steel to the outermost face of compression fibre. How to calculate effective depth for Double layer tensile reinforcement in beam?  Key words: RCC design, Rectangular Beam, effective depth, reinforcement,cover ,dia of reinforcement, Moment of Resistance, load carrying capacity of rcc Beam,depth of beam